In today's ever changing healthcare environment, it can be challenging to keep up with the latest studies, results and general information. Florida Center for Hormones and Wellness recognizes the importance of keeping informed. Dr. Carrozzella has read, vetted and given his expert synopsis for each of these articles. We invite you to stay informed with our ever growing Doctor's Notes learning library.
Contact us anytime with questions at 407-505-6456.
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Thyroid Augmentation for Major Depression
LL Depression, LL ThyroidNext, let’s look at thyroid augmentation in the treatment of major depression. If you’re augmenting with thyroid hormone, what is your target TSH? Or, if it’s someone else’s thyroid treatment and you’re treating the patient wit...
0Relation of Testosterone Normalization to Mortality and Myocardial Infarction in Men With Previous Myocardial Infarction 2019
LL Hormones and Heart DiseaseThis is a spectacular 2019 article that shows the safety and, in fact, the cardiovascular health improvement that can be seen with Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT). These authors studied 1,470 men with a history pre-existing hi...
0Recent Advances in Thyroid Hormone Regulation Toward a New Paradigm for Optimal Diagnosis and Treatment 2017
LL ThyroidIt is an overwhelming fact that most traditional doctors will prescribe only synthetic thyroid (Synthroid® or Levothyroxine). In recent years, more and more has been written about the residual symptoms that occur in many patients even w...
0Current Status of Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men 1999
LL Testosterone MenBenefits of androgen replacement therapy include increased energy, hematocrit, muscle mass, strength and stamina; increased ability to perform more physically demanding tasks; and an overall increase in the sense of wellbeing, confidence ...
0Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male The Beginning the Middle and the Ongoing 2008
LL Testosterone MenSymptoms relating to low testosterone levels include erectile dysfunction, reduced erectile quality, diminished nocturnal erections, increase in abdominal and visceral adipose tissue. Physical symptoms relating to fatigue, decreased vigo...
0Gonadal Steroids and Body Composition, Strength, and Sexual Function in Men 2013
LL Testosterone MenTestosterone deficiency accounted for decreases in lean mass, muscle size, and strength. Estrogen deficiency primarily accounted for increases in body fat; and both contributed to the decline in sexual function. As serum testosterone lev...
0Testosterone: More Is Not Always Better – 2009 – Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
LL Testosterone MenWhen testosterone aromatization into estradiol is blocked, bone mineral density decreases by 1.7%. Even though testosterone levels may increase with the use of an aromatization inhibitor such, as anastrozole, the estradiol reduction of...
0Testosterone and Growth Hormone Improve Body Composition and Muscle in Men 2009
LL Testosterone Men, LL Weight - Visceral Fat ReductionSupplemental testosterone produced significant gains in total and appendicular lean mass, muscle strength, and aerobic endurance with significant reductions in whole-body and trunk fat. Outcomes appeared to be further enhanced with GH...
0Effects of Testosterone on Fat Distribution 2003
LL Testosterone Men, LL Weight - Visceral Fat ReductionIn epidemiological studies, serum total and free testosterone concentrations have been inversely correlated with intra-abdominal fat mass, risk of coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Testosterone administration to midd...
0Effect of Testosterone Treatment on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Men Over 65 Years of Age 1999
LL Testosterone Men, LL Weight - Visceral Fat ReductionTestosterone treatment was followed by a decrease of visceral fat mass. Insulin resistance decreased. Diastolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol decreased with testosterone treatment. Insulin sensitivity improved. Testosterone...
0Direct Effect of Sex Steroids on Obesity 2004
LL Weight - Visceral Fat ReductionHormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women and testosterone replacement therapy in older men appear to reduce the degree of central obesity. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Radiofrequency in Pelvic Health 2018
LL Vaginal HealthPatients felt subjective improvement in pelvic health. Radiofrequency is safe for the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction. No adverse effects in 50 patients. There is a “tightening cascade ”phenomenon, where the impact of only 1...
0Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Radiofrequency fo Vaginal Health 2018
LL Vaginal HealthControlled application of thermal energy to the vaginal wall and labia stimulates biological processes in the vaginal skin layers such as proliferation, neovascularization and new collagen formation, resulting in an improvement of sympto...
0Effects of T4 as compared to T4 and T3 in Patients with Hypothyroidism 1999
LL ThyroidNEJM is, if not the most authoritative, among the most authoritative medical journals in the world This article states that combined therapy with T4 and T3 may be an improvement over standard Thyroxine (Synthroid®) treatment for patient...
0Safety and efficacy of testosterone for women 2019
LL Depression, LL Testosterone WomenInvestigation of the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on depressive symptoms in patients with late-onset testosterone deficiency. Testosterone improves depressive symptoms in most trials, except in patients with major...
0The Impact of Micronized Progesterone on the Endometrium 2016
LL Progesterone WomenOral Progesterone provides endometrial protection…Vaginal Progesterone provides endometrial protection…Transdermal MP does not provide endometrial protection. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Relationship of Serum Sex Steroid Levels and Bone Mineral Density 1998
LL Hormones and OsteoporosisEstrogen levels are a predictor of Bone Mineral Density in both aging men and post-menopausal women. Age-related bone loss may be the result of Estrogen deficiency not just in postmenopausal women, but also in men. In conclusion:...
0Determinants of Bone Density in Healthy Older Men 2000
LL Hormones and OsteoporosisMen with low estradiol levels are at an increased risk for future hip fracture. Elderly men with low serum testosterone and estradiol have increased risk of mortality, and subjects with low values of both testosterone and...
0Normalization of Testosterone Levels After Testosterone Replacement Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation 2017
LL Hormones and Heart Disease, LL Male Hormones, LL Testosterone MenNormalization of Testosterone levels after Testosterone Therapy is associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of Atrial Fibrillation. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Testosterone and the Heart 2019
LL Hormones and Heart Disease, LL Male Hormones, LL Testosterone MenMen with Testosterone deficiency tend to have a portfolio of cardiac risk factors that include Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. Testosterone deficiency increases the risk of Cardiovascular disease and the risk of developing Type ...
0Association Between Serum Testosterone and Vascular Disease in Men 2003
LL Hormones and Heart Disease, LL Male Hormones, LL Testosterone MenThere is evidence to suggest that low concentrations of Testosterone are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in men. When serum Free Testosterone levels are low the risk of carotid artery sclerosis (hardening...
0A New Independent Risk Factor for Heart Disease 2012
LL Hormones and Heart Disease, LL Male Hormones, LL Testosterone MenPreviously identified risk factor for coronary artery and heart disease were age, low high-density lipoprotein (good cholesterol), and free testosterone. However, free testosterone may be the strongest predictor of coronary artery disea...
0Estrogens and Cardiovascular Disease in the Male 2007
LL Estrogen Men, LL Hormones and Heart Disease, LL Male HormonesEstrogen supplementation in healthy men aged more the 65 years reduces the levels of homocysteine, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor and has a favorable effect on cholesterol, VLDL- C, LDL-C and HDL-C. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Hypogonadism as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in men: a meta-analytic study – 2011 – European Society of Endocrinology
LL Hormones and Heart Disease, LL Testosterone MenA previous major summary study evaluating the effect of Testosterone Therapy on Cardiovascular Events, showed Testosterone Therapy safety, because it was not associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Similar results ...
0Effects of transdermal estrogen on levels of lipids, lipase activity, and inflammatory markers in men with prostate cancer – 2006 – Journal of Lipid Research
LL Hormones and Heart DiseaseIn this study, Estradiol was shown to: 1. Decrease (bad cholesterol markers) Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels and increase (good cholesterol markers) HDL2 cholesterol. Estradiol improves lipid profile,...
0Endogenous Sex Hormones and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence in Men 2006
LL Hormones and Heart DiseaseA higher serum Estrogen level was associated with a lower risk of Cardiovascular events in normal men. The findings in this study suggest that higher levels of Estrogen in men are vasculo-protective. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Effects of Testosterone Administration on Fat Distribution, Insulin Sensitivity, and Atherosclerosis Progression – 2003 – Clinical Infectious Disease
LL Hormones and Diabetes, LL Hormones and Heart DiseaseIn epidemiological studies, serum total and free testosterone concentrations have been inversely correlated with intra-abdominal fat mass, risk of coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Testosterone administration to midd...
0Aromatase Inhibition Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men – 2015 – Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
LL Hormones and DiabetesAromatase inhibition (blocking the conversion of Testosterone to Estradiol) reduces insulin sensitivity, with respect to peripheral glucose disposal, in healthy men. 16 weeks of aromatase inhibition therapy in men has been shown to incr...
0Testosterone and Cognitive Function in Men 2005
LL Hormones and Alzheimer's, LL Testosterone MenHigher Testosterone levels are associated with better cognitive performance in the oldest age category. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Hormone Replacement Therapy: Real Concerns and False Alarms – 2009 – The Cancer Journal
LL Female Hormones MenopauseFrom 2002 to 2008, reports from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) claimed that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) significantly increased the risks of breast cancer development, cardiac events, Alzheimer disease, and stroke. These cla...
0Female Hormone Restoration – 2014 – Life Extension
LL Female Hormones MenopauseDiscusses the history and physiology of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). Reviews the negative findings of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and notes that those results reflect HRT with Horse Estrogen and Synthetic Progesterone an...
0Association between Use of Exogenous Testosterone Therapy and Risk of Venous Thrombotic Events – 2016 – The Journal of Urology
LL Testosterone GeneralNo significant association was found between the use of Testosterone Therapy for men and the risk incidence of venous thrombotic events (blood clots). READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Impact of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Depression – 2018 – European Urology Focus
LL Depression, LL Testosterone GeneralInvestigation of the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on depressive symptoms in patients with late-onset testosterone deficiency. Testosterone improves depressive symptoms in most trials, except in patients with major...
0Testosterone and depression: systematic review and meta-analysis – 2009 – Journal of Psychiatric Practice
LL Depression, LL Testosterone GeneralTestosterone Therapy may have an antidepressant effect in depressed patients, especially those with hypogonadism or HIV/AIDS and elderly subpopulations. READ FULL ARTICLE...
0Testosterone and Breast Cancer Prevention – 2015
LL Breast Cancer, LL Testosterone WomenRecent clinical data supports a role for Testosterone in Breast Cancer prevention. Women treated with pharmacological doses of Testosterone delivered by subcutaneous implants (pellets), had a reduced incidence of Breast Cancer. In additi...
0Reduced Breast Cancer Incidence in Women Treated with Testosterone– 2013
LL Breast Cancer, LL Testosterone WomenTestosterone delivered subcutaneously as a pellet implant reduced the incidence of Breast Cancer in pre and post-menopausal woman. Evidence supports that Breast Cancer is preventable by maintaining a Testosterone to Estrogen ratio in fa...
0Reduced incidence of distant metastases and lower mortality in 1072 patients with breast cancer with a history of hormone replacement therapy – 2007 – American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
LL Breast CancerIt has long been thought that women who take hormone therapy are prone to develop breast cancer. This study looked at 1,072 patients and found that the use of Hormone Replacement Therapy that was started and continued before the diagnos...
0In Defense of Progesterone: A Review of the Literature – 2016 – Alternative Therapies
LL Breast Cancer, LL Progesterone WomenA review article that looked at three studies covering 86,881 patients. The use of natural progesterone was associated with a significantly lower risk of breast cancer compared with synthetic progestins. Physicians should have no hesita...
0Hormone Replacement Therapy After Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Assessment of Risk – 2001 Journal of Clinical Oncology
LL Breast CancerThe Journal of Clinical Oncology is a major cancer study journal. The authors consider that Hormone replacement therapy is typically withheld from women with breast cancer because of concern that it might increase the risk of recurrence...
0Effects of estradiol with P4 vs MPA on risk markers BrCa
LL Breast CancerCompared to placebo, Estradiol and MPA(synthetics) resulted in significantly greater breast proliferation, while Estradiol and Progesterone (bio-identical) did not. These findings suggest that oral (bio-identical) Progesterone...
0E3N Cohort Study – Risk of Breast Cancer by Type of Menopausal Hormone Therapy: a Case-Control Study among Post-Menopausal Women in France – 2013 – PLOS-one
LL Breast CancerThis is a major and very well-regarded study. It studies over 1,500 menopausal women who took various combinations of Hormone Therapy. The study clearly found that women who took a biologically identical estrogen and progesterone had n...
0Breast Cancer Patients Could Benefit From Controversial Hormone – 2016 – University of Adelaide Australia
LL Breast Cancer, LL Testosterone WomenProgesterone is an important hormone that plays a safe and effective role in the management of recurring Breast Cancer. According to a highly respected team that is known for its exhaustive research into Breast Cancer, understanding this...
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